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US Debt Relief
Let me give you few facts at first that we would now what are we talking about: The General government gross debt in percent of GDP in the United States was reported at 83.21 percent of GDP in 2009 (90% of GDP
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/us_debt_relief-p0-i13
Investment in Fund of Funds
If each normal investment fund invests in underlying assets directly, the fund of funds is investing solely in other funds that invest directly in shares, bonds or other assets.If such funds distributors would ar
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/investment_in_fund_of_funds
Market Capitalization
Market capitalization (market cap) is a company’s value (price) on the stock exchange. Market capitalization is calculated by multiplying the outstanding share number by the last share price on the exchange
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/market_capitalization
Business Valuation
The goal of business valuation is to determine the correct market value of a business. Usually business valuation is performed by professional valuators / assessors who have required qualifications for the job.&n
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/business_valuation
Return on Investment
Return on investment (ROI) is a percentage that shows profitability of an investment or investment portfolio. Return on investment calculation: CALCULATION: Return on investment = net in
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/return_on_investment
OIBDA
OIBDA or also called operating income before depreciation and amortization is a financial measure used to represent specific type of an income. There are many types of income and each of those has some advantages
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/oibda
Profitability Margins
Profitability margins are ratios that show how profitable company’s activity is. There may be many kinds of profitability margins. Normally profitability means some kind of profit divided by REVENUE. But al
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/profitability_margins
EBITDA Margin
EBITDA margin is a profitability margin that shows how much of EBITDA earns company’s REVENUE relatively. The EBITDA margin is the best for profitability comparison of the companies if you want to measure e
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/ebitda_margin
Profit Margin
Profit margin normally refers to net profit margin, which is net profit divided by sales. But one should remember that profit might be of different kinds (net profit, pretax profit, EBIT, EBITDA and gross profit)
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/profit_margin
Financial Statements
Financial statements are periodically by the companies issued reports that provide the most important financial information about company’s financial condition and success of activity. There
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/financial_statements
Income Statement
Income statement (also called statement of operations, profit and loss statement, P&L or other) is one of three main financial statements reported by the companies periodically. Income statement exposes compa
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/income_statement
Earnings
Earnings are calculated gains of the company and should represent the profit of that business. There are several types of earnings: Retained earnings are equal to net profit less dividends. Net earnin
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/earnings
Profit
Profit is a term used in various finance fields and may have many meanings. Basically profit is the positive difference between the income and costs. If costs are higher than income, then instead of profit loss w
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/profit
Income
The term income may have several meanings. In corporate finance it basically means profit or earnings that are equal to REVENUE less expenses. But in some cases income may also indicate company’s REVENUE bu
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/income
Net Income
Net income (net profit) is a financial indicator of the company that shows the real profitability of the business in accordance to its capital structure. Net income is equal to all REVENUE and gains less all expe
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/net_income
Loss
Loss (net loss) is a financial situation of the company when its REVENUE is lower than expenses. It is natural that every company tries to receive a profit instead of a loss, but not every succeeds that. Some com
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/loss
Gross Income
Gross income (gross profit) is equal to company’s REVENUE minus all cost of goods sold (COGS). Gross income is just one type of income; other types of income are operating income, pre-tax income or net inco
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/gross_income
Gross Margin
Gross margin is profitability percentage that shows the ratio between gross income and REVENUE. Gross margin is usually calculated when there is a need to compare company’s competiveness and effectiveness i
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/gross_margin
Operating Margin
Operating margin is a profitability percentage that shows what company’s profit margin is before it pays interests and taxes. Operating margin simply ignores capital structure (because ignores financial act
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/operating_margin
EBIT
EBIT (also called Earnings Before Interest and Taxes) is a financial indicator of the company that provides information about company’s profitability while ignoring the impact of capital structure and corpo
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/ebit
Financial Analysis
Financial analysis is an important part of investing, especially if investor wants better results from his investments. Of course it is possible to ignore financial analysis and make investment decisions based on
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/financial_analysis
Return
Return analysis is different from profitability analysis because usually return is measured as a profitability of the assets, investments, capital or other similar asset group but not as a profitability of the re
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/return
Financial Forecasting
Financial forecasting is a part of financial planning and also a part of a DCF valuation. But usually financial planning covers only a period of year or two while financial forecasting regularly covers about five
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/financial_forecasting
Asset Turnover Ratio Formula
There are many modifications of ‘asset turnover ratio’ formulas. These are the most popular forms of this ratio formula: (1) Asset turnover ratio = Sales REVENUE / Total averag
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/asset_turnover_ratio_formula
Strategic Financial Planning
Strategic financial planning is a bit different from standard financial planning because standard financial planning focuses on a budget which is detailed estimation of financial statements when strategic financi
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/strategic_financial_planning
Average Collection Period
Average collection period is a financial ratio that is used to measure how fast company collects its receivables. ‘Average collection period’ shows what is the average time period till company gets ca
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/average_collection_period
Cash Turnover Ratio
Cash turnover ratio compares company’s sales to its cash and measures how effectively company is using cash assets. However, this financial ratio now is a bit outworn and is not very meaningful for most of
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/cash_turnover_ratio